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38 results of 8 texts with exact phrase : 'substantia nigra'.

1. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, Vol. 1, 2005 , , ,

При болни от паркинсонова болест се установява повишаване на ехогенността на substantia nigra, каято корелира с тежестта на заболяването [7].
Транскраниалното цветно дуплекс-скениране се прилага и за доказване на някои невродегенеративни заболявания. При болни от паркинсонова болест се установява повишаване на ехогенността на substantia nigra, каято корелира с тежестта на заболяването [7]. Повишена ехогенност на nucleus caudatus се наблюдавана при болестта на Хънктингтон [23].
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2. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 6, 2010, No. 2 , , ,

Теленцефални по своя произход, те включват neostriatum представен от nucleus caudatus и putamen, globus pallidus, claustrum и amygdaloid complex с връзките си към thalamus, nucleus subthalamicus и substantia nigra.
Базалните ганглии са разположени в близост до страничните вентрикули. Теленцефални по своя произход, те включват neostriatum представен от nucleus caudatus и putamen, globus pallidus, claustrum и amygdaloid complex с връзките си към thalamus, nucleus subthalamicus и substantia nigra. Nucleus lentiformis е във връзка с putamen и globus pallidus.
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Експериментални изследвания са показали, че дълготрайното приложение на невролептици води до снижена активност на GAD (ензим, участващ в продукцията на GABA) в nucleus subthalamicus, globus palidus и substantia nigra [34, 16].
), допамин транспортер (DAT), манганова супероксид дисмутаза (MnSOD), вероятно играят роля в развитието на ТД [33, 4, 32, 18]. Съществуват и алтернативни хипотези относно патофизиологията на ТД. Според една от тях значима роля в развитието на ТД играе дегенерацията на GABA-генериращите неврони. Експериментални изследвания са показали, че дълготрайното приложение на невролептици води до снижена активност на GAD (ензим, участващ в продукцията на GABA) в nucleus subthalamicus, globus palidus и substantia nigra [34, 16]. Друга теория изтъква ролята на ацетилхолина в развитието на ТД. Патологоанатомични изследвания на починали с ТД след продължително лечение с невролептици установява дегенерация на
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3. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 9, 2013, No. 2 , , ,

Substantia Nigra Echogenicity is Correlated with Nigrostriatal Impairment in Machado-Joseph Disease.
Substantia Nigra Echogenicity is Correlated with Nigrostriatal Impairment in Machado-Joseph Disease.
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A Semi-Quantified Evaluation of Substantia Nigra Hyperechogenicity in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonian Syndrome.
A Semi-Quantified Evaluation of Substantia Nigra Hyperechogenicity in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonian Syndrome.
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SUBSTANTIA NIGRA ECHOGENICITY IS CORRELATED WITH NIGROSTRIATAL IMPAIRMENT IN MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE
SUBSTANTIA NIGRA ECHOGENICITY IS CORRELATED WITH NIGROSTRIATAL IMPAIRMENT IN MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE
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Several studies have demonstrated increased substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinson's disease (PD), and Machado Joseph disease (MJD).
Several studies have demonstrated increased substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinson's disease (PD), and Machado Joseph disease (MJD). Pathological substrate of PD is characterized by dopaminergic nigrostriatal cell loss, also found in MJD. Also, SN hiperechogenicity might be associated with nigrostriatal disfunction in PD, when comparing dopamine transport binding with SN echogenicity. The present study aimed to correlate the SN echogenicity size and striatal dopamine transporter density in MJD patients.
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disease, substantia nigra echogenicity, TRODAT.
disease, substantia nigra echogenicity, TRODAT.
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A SEMI-QUANTIFIED EVALUATION OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA HYPERECHOGENICITY IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND PARKINSONIAN SYNDROME
A SEMI-QUANTIFIED EVALUATION OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA HYPERECHOGENICITY IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND PARKINSONIAN SYNDROME
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In Parkinson's disease (PD), transcranial sonography (TCS) has been used to evaluate substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity as a diagnostic tool.
In Parkinson's disease (PD), transcranial sonography (TCS) has been used to evaluate substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity as a diagnostic tool. To quantify SN hyperechogenicity in patients with PD and Parkinsonian syndrome (PS), we applied semi-quantified evaluation method.
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substantia nigra, transcranial sonography.
substantia nigra, transcranial sonography.
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Initial questions accentuate on the dopamine deficiency as the major pathobiochemical symptom and on the causes for neurons degeneration in substantia nigra and other brain areas.
Initial questions accentuate on the dopamine deficiency as the major pathobiochemical symptom and on the causes for neurons degeneration in substantia nigra and other brain areas. Knowledge of the synthesis and degradation of dopamine is necessary to understand the mechanisms of neuroprotection and delaying the disease progression via treatment with anticholinergic agents or dopamine precursors in combination of inhibitors of the peripheral DOPA decarboxylase. The program allows the students to understand and learn about the action of MAO and COMT
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4. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 10, 2014, No. 2 , , ,

Besides the specific substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity in about 90% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patents, that was first time described in 1995 by Becker et al.
Besides the specific substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity in about 90% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patents, that was first time described in 1995 by Becker et al. [1], numerous TCS studies reported other specific ultrasound features in various other neurodegenerative diseases.
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K. Degeneration of substantia nigra in chronic Parkinson’s disease visualized by transcranial color-coded real-time sonography.
K. Degeneration of substantia nigra in chronic Parkinson’s disease visualized by transcranial color-coded real-time sonography.
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How to measure substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in Parkinson disease: detailed guide with video.
Walter U. How to measure substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in Parkinson disease: detailed guide with video.
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W. Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
W. Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
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Structural abnormality of the substantia nigra in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Romanos M, Weise D, Schliesser M, Schecklmann M, Loffler J, Warke A, Gerlach M, Classen J, Mehler-Wex C. Structural abnormality of the substantia nigra in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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5. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 11, 2015, No. 2 , , ,

TCS showed substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in idiopathic PD and lenticular nuclei hyperechogenicity as a characteristic finding in atypical parkinsonian syndromes and several forms of dystonia.
TCS showed substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in idiopathic PD and lenticular nuclei hyperechogenicity as a characteristic finding in atypical parkinsonian syndromes and several forms of dystonia.
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In contrast to controls and the patient with essential tremor an asymmetric and enlarched hyperechogenic substantia nigra was found in all three patients with Parkinson's disease.
In contrast to controls and the patient with essential tremor an asymmetric and enlarched hyperechogenic substantia nigra was found in all three patients with Parkinson's disease. These data correlated with the results from DaTscan Imaging.
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6. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 12, 2016, No. 2 , , ,

Echogenic size of substantia nigra (SN) and lenticular nuclei (LN), as well as the width of the third ventricle and the frontal horns of the lateral ventricle were measured.
We performed TCS in 44 patients with PD and 22 patients with other parkinsonian disorders. Echogenic size of substantia nigra (SN) and lenticular nuclei (LN), as well as the width of the third ventricle and the frontal horns of the lateral ventricle were measured. We also analyzed the echogenicity of the brainstem raphe (BR).
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7. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 13, 2017, No. 2 , , ,

deep brain stimulation, substantia nigra, transcranial ultrasound
deep brain stimulation, substantia nigra, transcranial ultrasound
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Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN), a TCS finding seen in about 90% of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), is already present in presymptomatic disease stages and indicates an increased risk of developing PD, especially if present in combination with other risk markers.
Transcranial B-mode sonography (TCS) is a non-invasive, low-cost, short-duration neuroimaging method that allows high-resolution imaging of deep brain structures in patients with movement disorders. With contemporary high-end ultrasound systems, image resolution of echogenic deep brain structures can even be higher on TCS than on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN), a TCS finding seen in about 90% of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), is already present in presymptomatic disease stages and indicates an increased risk of developing PD, especially if present in combination with other risk markers. The TCS finding of SN hyperechogenicity well discriminates PD from other Parkinsonian disorders such as multiple-system atrophy and welding-related Parkinsonism. In turn, normal SN echogenicity in combination with lenticular nucleus hyperechogenicity indicates an atypical Parkinsonian syndrome rather than PD with a specificity of more than 95%. TCS detects characteristic basal ganglia changes also in other movement disorders such as lenticular nucleus hyperechogenicity in idiopathic dystonia and Wilson's disease and caudate nucleus hyperechogenicity in Huntington's disease. Reduced echogenicity of midbrain raphe is frequent in depressive disorders and correlated with both suicidal ideation and responsiveness to serotonin reuptake inhibitors. TCS reliably and safely displays deep brain stimulation electrodes in patients with movement disorders and allows intraand postoperative monitoring of electrode location.
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Hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra (SN), found in about 90% of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), is already present in presymptomatic disease stages.
Transcranial B-mode sonography (TCS) of the brain parenchyma is a non-invasive neuroimaging method that allows high-resolution imaging of deep brain structures in patients with degenerative brain diseases [8]. Beside transtemporal axial and coronal imaging planes also transfrontal sagittal planes can be applied for special diagnostic purposes [9]. Hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra (SN), found in about 90% of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), is already present in presymptomatic disease stages. The results of longitudinal studies suggest that TCS of SN may serve as a screening tool for detecting subjects at risk of developing PD [2, 3]. Studies of our and other groups show that the combination of TCS with simple olfaction and motor tests already at very early disease stages discriminates PD from other Parkinsonian disorders. In turn, normal SN echogenicity in combination with lenticular nucleus hyperechogenicity indicates an atypical Parkinsonian syndrome rather than PD with a specificity of more than 95% [2, 10]. SN hyperechogenicity has also been reported in spinocerebellar atrophy type 2 with Parkinsonism and the parkinsonism-dominant variant of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism [6, 11]. TCS detects characteristic basal ganglia changes
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Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
Berg D, Behnke S, Seppi K, et al. Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
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Transcranial sonography of the substantia nigra: digital image analysis.
M, Blahuta J, et al. Transcranial sonography of the substantia nigra: digital image analysis.
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Sonographic alteration of substantia nigra is related to parkinsonism-predominant course of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism.
Walter U, Rosales R, Rocco A, et al. Sonographic alteration of substantia nigra is related to parkinsonism-predominant course of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism.
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8. NEUROSONOLOGY AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS, vol. 14, 2018, No. 1 , , ,

TCS showed substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in idiopathic PD and lenticular nuclei hyperechogenicity as a characteristic finding in atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
TCS showed substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in idiopathic PD and lenticular nuclei hyperechogenicity as a characteristic finding in atypical parkinsonian syndromes. TCS also revealed BG hyperechogenic changes in several other movement disorders with trace metal accumulation such as WD, several forms of spinocerebelar ataxia as well as some entities of neurodegeneration with brain metal accumulation.
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Tранскраниалната сонография показва хиперехогенност на substantia nigra при идиопатична БП и хиперехогенност на лентикуларните ядра при атипични паркинсонови синдроми.
Напоследък транскраниалната сонография (ТКС) се използва като надежден и чувствителен метод за откриване на промени в базалните ганглии при двигателни нарушения, демонстрирани с различни хиперехогенни лезии. Изследването показва намалена ехогенност на някои структури на средния мозък (raphe) като характерна находка при еднополюсна депресия и при депресия, свързана с болестта на Паркинсон (БП) или на Уилсън (БУ), но не и при здрави възрастни, шизофрения, множествена склероза с депресия или болест на Паркинсон без съпътстваща депресия. Tранскраниалната сонография показва хиперехогенност на substantia nigra при идиопатична БП и хиперехогенност на лентикуларните ядра при атипични паркинсонови синдроми. Хиперехогенни промени в базалните ганглии се наблюдават и при други двигателни заболявания със следи от метали като болест на Уилсън, някои форми на спиноцеребрална атаксия и невродегенерация с
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Besides the specific finding of the substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity in up to 90% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patents, first time described in 1995 by Becker et al.
Besides the specific finding of the substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity in up to 90% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patents, first time described in 1995 by Becker et al. [1], a series of studies using TCS has reported another specific ultrasound feature: structural abnormality of the midbrain raphe depicted as reduced echogenicity or invisible brainstem raphe (BR) in patients with unipolar depression compared with healthy individuals [2, 3]. The same structural abnormality has also been reported when depressed patients have been compared to non-depressed patients, having a variety of neurological diseases, for example, PD [4, 5], dystonic syndromes [15] and Wilson’s disease [18] but not multiple sclerosis with or without depression [6, 7].
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Thick arrow indicate brainstem raphe; thin arrow: red nucleus; substantia nigra is encircled with full line.
Sonographic images of corresponding midbrain axial sections in three subjects. The butterfly-shaped midbrain was encircled for better visualization (dotted line). Thick arrow indicate brainstem raphe; thin arrow: red nucleus; substantia nigra is encircled with full line.
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Mesencephalic brainstem of a healthy individual with normal, nearly invisible substantia nigra and normal, highly echogenic brainstem raphe which has the same echogenicity as the brain stem parenchyma or red nucleus;
Mesencephalic brainstem of a healthy individual with normal, nearly invisible substantia nigra and normal, highly echogenic brainstem raphe which has the same echogenicity as the brain stem parenchyma or red nucleus;
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Mesencephalic brainstem of a patient with unipolar depression with normal, nearly invisible substantia nigra and abnormal, reduced echogenicity of the brainstem raphe
Mesencephalic brainstem of a patient with unipolar depression with normal, nearly invisible substantia nigra and abnormal, reduced echogenicity of the brainstem raphe
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; Mesencephalic brainstem of a PD patient with depression displays marked bilateral hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra and abnormal, reduced echogenicity of the brainstem raphe.
; Mesencephalic brainstem of a PD patient with depression displays marked bilateral hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra and abnormal, reduced echogenicity of the brainstem raphe. Echogenic area of the right substantia nigra was encircled with full line for computerized measurement.
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Echogenic area of the right substantia nigra was encircled with full line for computerized measurement.
; Mesencephalic brainstem of a PD patient with depression displays marked bilateral hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra and abnormal, reduced echogenicity of the brainstem raphe. Echogenic area of the right substantia nigra was encircled with full line for computerized measurement.
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K. Degeneration of substantia nigra in chronic Parkinson’s disease visualized by transcranial color-coded real-time sonography.
K. Degeneration of substantia nigra in chronic Parkinson’s disease visualized by transcranial color-coded real-time sonography.
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Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
Berg D, Behnke S, Seppi K, Godau J, Lerche S, Mahlknecht P et al. Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.
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Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in depressive subjects relates to motor asymmetry and impaired word fluency.
Hoeppner J, Prudente-Morrissey L, Herpertz SC, Benecke R, Walter U. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in depressive subjects relates to motor asymmetry and impaired word fluency.
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Structural abnormality of the substantia nigra in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
ffler J, Warnke A et al. Structural abnormality of the substantia nigra in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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